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Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practices, which are practiced for a variety of reasons: self-defense, competition, physical health and fitness, entertainment, as well as mental, physical, and spiritual development. Although the term ''martial art'' has become associated with the fighting arts of eastern Asia, it originally referred to the combat systems of Europe as early as the 1550s. The term is derived from Latin, and means "arts of Mars", the Roman god of war. Some authors have argued that fighting arts or fighting systems would be more appropriate on the basis that many martial arts were never "martial" in the sense of being used or created by professional warriors. ==Variation and scope== Martial arts may be categorized along a variety of criteria, including: *Traditional or historical arts vs. contemporary styles of folk wrestling and modern hybrid martial arts. *Techniques taught: Armed vs. unarmed, and within these groups by type of weapon (swordsmanship, stick fighting etc.) and by type of combat (grappling vs. striking; stand-up fighting vs. ground fighting) *By application or intent: self-defense, combat sport, choreography or demonstration of forms, physical fitness, meditation, etc. *Within Chinese tradition: "external" vs. "internal" styles 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martial arts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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